建设部 对外贸易经济合作部


中华人民共和国建设部
中华人民共和国对外贸易经济合作部 令

第116号


　　《外商投资城市规划服务企业管理规定》已经2002年12月13日建设部第65次常务会议和2003年1月30日对外贸易经济合作部第2次部长办公会议审议通过，现予发布，自2003年5月1日起施行。

建设部部长　汪光焘
对外贸易经济合作部部长　石广生
二○○三年二月十三日

外商投资城市规划服务企业管理规定

　　第一条　为进一步扩大对外开放，规范外国公司、企业和其他经济组织或者个人投资城市规划服务企业，加强对外商投资城市规划服务企业从事城市规划服务活动的管理，根据《中华人民共和国外资企业法》、《中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法》、《中华人民共和国中外合作经营企业法》、《中华人民共和国城市规划法》，制定本规定。

　　第二条　在中华人民共和国境内设立外商投资城市规划服务企业，申请《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》，实施对外商投资城市规划服务企业监督管理，适用本规定。

　　第三条　本规定所称外商投资城市规划服务企业，是指在中华人民共和国依法设立，从事城市规划服务的中外合资、中外合作经营企业以及外资企业。

　　本规定所称城市规划服务，是指从事除城市总体规划以外的城市规划的编制、咨询活动。

　　第四条　外国公司、企业和其他经济组织或者个人在中国从事城市规划服务，必须依法设立中外合资、中外合作或者外资企业，取得《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》。　

　　未取得《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》的，不得从事城市规划服务。

　　第五条　国务院对外贸易经济行政主管部门负责外商投资城市规划服务企业设立的管理工作；国务院建设行政主管部门负责外商投资城市规划服务企业资格的管理工作。

　　省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对外贸易经济行政主管部门负责本行政区域内外商投资城市规划服务企业设立的初审工作；县级以上地方人民政府城市规划行政主管部门负责对本行政区域内的外商投资城市规划服务企业从事城市规划服务活动的监督管理。

　　第六条　设立外商投资城市规划服务企业，除具备中国有关外商投资企业法律法规规定的条件外，还必须具备以下条件：

　　（一）外方是在其所在国或者地区从事城市规划服务的企业或者专业技术人员；

　　（二）具有城市规划、建筑、道路交通、园林绿化以及相关工程等方面的专业技术人员20人以上，其中外籍专业技术人员占全部专业技术人员的比例不低于25％，城市规划、建筑、道路交通、园林绿化专业的外籍专业技术人员分别不少于1人；

　　（三）有符合国家规定的技术装备和固定的工作场所。

　　第七条　申请设立外商投资城市规划服务企业的，应当依法向国家工商行政管理总局或者国家工商行政管理总局授权的地方工商行政管理局，申请拟设立外商投资企业名称的核准。

　　第八条　申请人在取得拟设立外商投资企业名称核准后，向拟设立企业所在地省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对外贸易经济行政主管部门，提出设立外商投资城市规划服务企业申请，并提交下列材料：

　　（一）投资方法定代表人签署的外商投资企业设立申请书；

　　（二）投资方编制或者认可的可行性研究报告、项目建议书及企业设立方案（包括专业人员配备、技术装备计划和工作场所面积等）；

　　（三）投资方法定代表人签署的外商投资企业合同和章程（其中外资企业只需提供章程）；

　　（四）企业名称预先核准通知书；

　　（五）投资方法人登记注册证明、投资方银行资信证明；

　　（六）投资方拟派出的董事长、董事会成员、经理、工程技术负责人等任职文件及证明文件；

　　（七）经注册会计师或者会计师事务所审计的投资方最近三年的资产负债表和损益表；

　　（八）外方投资者所在国家或者地区从事城市规划服务的企业注册登记证明、银行资信证明；

　　（九）外方投资者所在国家或者地区政府主管部门或者行业协会、学会、公证机构出具的从事城市规划服务经历及业绩的证明。

　　第九条　省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对外贸易经济行政主管部门，在受理申请之日起30日内完成初审；初审同意后，报国务院对外贸易经济行政主管部门。

　　第十条　国务院对外贸易经济行政主管部门，在接到经初审的申请材料之日起10日内，将申请材料送国务院建设行政主管部门征求意见。国务院建设行政主管部门收到申请材料之日起30日内提出意见。国务院对外贸易经济行政主管部门在收到国务院建设行政主管部门书面意见之日起30日内作出批准或者不批准的决定。予以批准的，发给外商投资企业批准证书；不予批准的，书面说明理由。

　　第十一条　申请人在取得外商投资企业批准证书后，依法办理企业工商注册登记，领取营业执照。

　　第十二条　申请人在取得企业法人营业执照后，向国务院建设行政主管部门申请《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》。

　　第十三条　申请《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》应当提供下列材料：

　　（一）《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》申请表；

　　（二）外商投资企业批准证书；

　　（三）企业法人营业执照；

　　（四）经劳动人事部门备案的专业技术人员聘用合同和专业技术资格证明材料；

　　（五）企业技术装备材料。

　　第十四条　外商投资城市规划服务企业应当在取得《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》后30日内，向其注册所在市、县城市规划行政主管部门备案。

　　第十五条　外商投资城市规划服务企业承揽注册所在地以外城市规划服务任务的，应当向任务所在市、县城市规划行政主管部门备案。

　　第十六条　申请人提交的材料应当使用中文，证明文件是外文的，必须提供中文译本。

　　第十七条　外商投资城市规划服务企业从事城市规划服务，必须遵守中国有关城市规划的法律法规、技术标准和规范。

　　第十八条　外商投资城市规划服务企业聘用的外国技术人员每人每年在中国境内累计居留时间不少于6个月。

　　第十九条　国务院建设行政主管部门对取得《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》的外商投资城市规划服务企业，每年进行一次年检。对不符合资格条件的，收回其《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》。

　　第二十条　已取得《城市规划编制单位资质证书》的中方单位，改组、改制成立中外合资、中外合作城市规划服务企业的，应当交回《城市规划编制单位资质证书》。

　　第二十一条　外商投资城市规划服务企业停业、撤销、终止时，应当交回《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》。

　　第二十二条　严禁将城市规划服务任务委托给未取得《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》的外商投资企业。

　　严禁将有关城市总体规划的服务任务委托给外商投资企业。

　　第二十三条　未取得《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》承揽城市规划服务任务的，由县级以上地方人民政府城市规划行政主管部门责令停止违法活动，处1万元以上3万元以下的罚款。对其成果，有关部门不得批准。

　　第二十四条　外商投资城市规划服务企业违反本办法规定从事城市总体规划编制服务的，由县级以上地方人民政府城市规划行政主管部门责令改正；情节严重的，由发证机关收回《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》。

　　外商投资城市规划服务企业弄虚作假，骗取《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》的，由发证机关收回资格证书。

　　发证机关收回资格证书后，应当将有关情况通报注册登记机关。被收回资格证书的企业，应当向注册登记机关申请注销登记；不办理注销登记的，由注册登记机关依法处理。

　　第二十五条　违反本规定，将城市规划服务任务委托给未取得《外商投资企业城市规划服务资格证书》外商投资企业的，或者将总体规划服务任务委托给外商投资城市规划服务企业的，由上级机关予以纠正，依法追究有关责任人的行政责任；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

　　第二十六条　本规定由国务院建设行政主管部门、国务院对外贸易经济行政主管部门按照各自的职责负责解释。

　　第二十七条　香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区的投资者在大陆投资兴办城市规划服务企业的，参照本规定执行。

　　第二十八条　本规定自2003年5月1日起施行。

Regulations on the Management of Foreign-funded Urban Planning Service Enterprises



Decree of the Ministry of Construction and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation,
No 116
　　The Regulations on the Management of Foreign-funded Urban Planning Service Enterprises, deliberated and ratified at the 65th executive meeting of the Ministry of Construction on December 13th, 2002 and the 2nd working meeting of the minister of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation on January 30th, 2003, is hereby promulgated for implementation as of May 1st, 2003.

Wang Guangtao, Minister of Construction

Shi Guangsheng, Minister of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation

February 13th, 2003

Regulations on the Management of
Foreign-funded Urban Planning Service Enterprises

　　Article 1 Pursuant to 《the Law of the People's Republic of China on Foreign-funded Enterprises》,《the Law of the People's Republic of China on Sino-foreign Equity Joint Ventures》,《the Law of the People's Republic of China on Sino-foreign cooperative Joint Ventures》, and《the Law of the People's Republic of China on Urban Planning》, the current Regulations is hereby formulated to expand the scope of opening to the outside; regulate foreign companies, enterprises and other economic entities or individuals investing in enterprises providing services to urban planning; and strengthen management of the activities of urban planning services provided by foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises.

　　Article 2 The Regulations applies to those setting up foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises within the boundary of the People's Republic of China and applying for the 《Certificate of Qualification of Foreign-funded Enterprises for Urban Planning Services》, and to the supervision and management of foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises.

　　Article 3 The foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises as referred to in the current Regulations include Sino-foreign equity joint ventures, Sino-foreign cooperative joint ventures, and ventures with exclusive foreign investment that are set up in the People's Republic of China in accordance with law to provide services to urban planning.

　　The term 'urban planning service' as used in the current Regulations refers to provide drawing and consulting services to urban development plans other than general planning.

　　Article 4 All foreign companies, enterprises, other economic entities or individuals engaged in urban planning services in China shall set up Sino-foreign equity joint ventures, Sino-foreign cooperative joint ventures, or ventures with exclusive foreign investment and apply for the 《Certificate of Qualification of Foreign-funded Enterprises for Urban Planning Services》.

　　Those have not been granted the 《Certificate of Qualification of Foreign-funded Enterprises for Urban Planning Services》 shall not take up the business of urban planning services.

　　Article 5 The department responsible for the management of foreign trade and economic cooperation under the State Council shall take charge of management of establishment of foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises, while the department responsible for construction under the State Council shall take charge of management of qualification of foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises.

　　The departments responsible for foreign trade and economic cooperation under the people's governments at the provincial, autonomous regional and municipal governments under the direct leadership of the central government shall take charge of preliminary examination of establishment of foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises in their respective administrative areas, and departments responsible for urban planning under people's governments at and above the county level shall take charge of supervision and management of the urban planning service activities carried out by foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises in their respective administrative areas.

　　Article 6 Apart from meeting requirements set in relevant Chinese laws and regulations on foreign-funded enterprises, the following requirements shall be met for the establishment of foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises:

　　1. The foreign party shall be an enterprise or professional specializing in urban planning services in its resident country or region.

　　2. The applicant shall own more than 20 employees specializing in urban planning, architecture, road transportation, gardening and related disciplines, with foreign specialists accounting for no less than 25 percent of the total, and have at least one foreign technician specializing in urban planning, architecture, road transportation, and gardening respectively.

　　3. The applicant shall have technical apparatus and fixed working site as stipulated by the State.

　　Article 7 Those applying for establishing foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises shall apply, in accordance with law, to the State Administration of Industry and Commerce or local administrations of industry and commerce with authorization from the State Administration of Industry and Commerce for examination and approving the titles of the foreign-funded enterprises they plan to set up.

　　Article 8 After passing examination and receiving approval of the titles of the foreign-funded enterprises it plans to set up, the applicant shall apply to the departments of the provincial, autonomous regional or people's municipal government under the direct leadership of the central government in charge of foreign trade and economic cooperation in the region where the enterprise is to be located for the establishment. it shall submit the following documents:

　　1. The application for the establishment of a foreign-funded enterprise signed by the legal representative of the investing party.

　　2. The feasibility study report, project proposal and plan on the establishment of the enterprise (including staffing of specialists, plan on technical equipment, and area of the working site) produced or approved by the investing party.

　　3. The contract and rules of the foreign-funded enterprise signed by the legal representative of the investing party (or rules only, in the case of an enterprise with exclusive foreign investment).

　　4. Notice of pre-approval on the title of the enterprise to be set up.

　　5. Certificate of legal person registration of the investing party and certificate of the credit provided by the bank of the investing party.

　　6. Documents and certificates of appointment of the chairman, board members, managers, and leading engineers or technicians to be appointed by the investing party.

　　7. The balance sheets and statements of loss and gain of the investing party during the latest three years as audited by a chartered accountant or an accountant firm.

　　8. Certificate of registration and certificate of bank credit of the urban planning service enterprise(s) run by the foreign investing party in its country or region.

　　9. Certificates of experiences and achievements of the foreign investing party in urban planning services produced by responsible government departments or associations, societies, or notary organs in the residential country or region of the said party.

　　Article 9 The department under provincial, autonomous regional or people's municipal governments under the direct leadership of central government in charge of foreign trade and economic cooperation shall complete preliminary examination within 30 days after receiving an application and submit its approval to the State Council department in charge of foreign trade and economic cooperation.

　　Article 10 The State Council department in charge of foreign trade and economic cooperation shall submit the application documents that have passed preliminary examination and approval to the State Council department in charge of construction for soliciting the comments within 10 days. The State Council department in charge of construction shall put forward its opinion within 30 days after receiving the application documents. Within 30 days after receiving the written opinion of the State Council department in charge of construction, the State Council department in charge of foreign trade and economic cooperation shall make a decision of approval or disapproval. In the case of approval, a certificate of approval shall be issued; and in the case of disapproval, a written explanation shall be given.

　　Article 11 After receiving the Certificate of Approval of Foreign-funded Enterprise, the applicant shall register with an administration of industry and commerce in accordance with law to get a business license.

　　Article 12 After receiving a legal person business license, the applicant shall apply to the State Council department in charge of construction for the 《Certificate of Qualification for Urban Planning Services for Foreign-funded Enterprises》.

　　Article 13 The following documents shall be supplied for application for the 《Certificate of Qualification for Urban Planning Services for Foreign-funded Enterprises》:

　　1. Form of Application for the 《Certificate of Qualification for Urban Planning Services for Foreign-funded Enterprises》;

　　2. Certificate of Approval of Foreign-funded Enterprise;

　　3. Business license for enterprise legal person;

　　4. Contract of employment of technicians and specialists and certificates of technical qualifications of these people put on file in labour and personnel departments;

　　5. Documents about the technical equipment of the enterprise.

　　Article 14 The foreign-funded urban planning service enterprise shall report, within 30 days after receiving the 《Certificate of Qualification for Urban Planning Services for Foreign-funded Enterprises》, to the urban planning administration in the city or county of its registered for the record.

　　Article 15 The foreign-funded urban planning service enterprise that contracts for urban planning services in areas other than that of its registration shall report to the urban planning administrations of these areas for the record.

　　Article 16 All the documents submitted by the applicant shall be written in Chinese. If any document of certification is written in a foreign language, a Chinese version shall be supplied.

　　Article 17 Foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises shall abide themselves by pertinent Chinese laws, regulations, and technical standards and norms when providing urban planning services.

　　Article 18 The foreign technicians employed by foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises shall stay in China for a total length of no less than 6 months per person a year.

　　Article 19 The State Council department in charge of construction shall carry out annual checks to the foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises that have received the 《Certificate of Qualification for Urban Planning Services for Foreign-funded Enterprises》. Those found unqualified shall have their 《Certificate of Qualification for Urban Planning Services for Foreign-funded Enterprises》　revoked.

　　Article 20 Chinese units that have received the 《Certificate of Qualification for Compilation of Urban Planning》 shall hand in the Certificate when they are restructured into Sino-foreign equity or cooperative joint ventures specializing in urban planning services.

　　Article 21 Foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises shall hand in their 《Certificate of Qualification for Urban Planning Services for Foreign-funded Enterprises》 when they stop operations or are disbanded or terminated.

　　Article 22 It is strictly forbidden to entrust any businesses of urban planning services to foreign-funded enterprises that have not granted the 《Certificate of Qualification for Urban Planning Services for Foreign-funded Enterprises》.

　　It is strictly forbidden to entrust any businesses of service to general urban planning to foreign-funded enterprises.

　　Article 23 Those that contract for urban planning services without the 《Certificate of Qualification for Urban Planning Services for Foreign-funded Enterprises》 shall be ordered by the construction administrations of people's governments at or above the county level to stop their illegal activities, together with a penalty above RMB10,000 yuan and below RMB30,000 yuan. Their achievements shall not be acknowledged by any department.

　　Article 24 Those foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises that provide services to compilation of general urban planning in violation of the current Regulations shall be ordered by the construction administrations of people's government at or above the county level to mend themselves. Those involved in severe cases shall have their 《Certificate of Qualification for Urban Planning Services for Foreign-funded Enterprises》withdrawn by the original issuer.

　　Those foreign-funded urban planning service enterprises that obtain the 《Certificate of Qualification for Urban Planning Services for Foreign-funded Enterprises》 through fraud and deception shall have their Certificate withdrawn by the issuer.

　　After withdrawing a Certificate, the issuer shall inform the registration department concerned of the case. The enterprise whose certificate has been withdrawn shall apply to the original department of registration for cancellation of its registration. Those that refuse to go through cancellation formalities shall be handled by registration departments in accordance with law.

　　Article 25 Those that entrust urban planning services or general urban planning services to foreign-funded enterprises that have not got the 《Certificate of Qualification for Urban Planning Services for Foreign-funded Enterprises》 in violation of the current Regulations shall be corrected by their senior departments, with administrative responsibilities to be affixed upon the person responsible in accordance with law. If a crime is committed, criminal responsibilities shall be found out in accordance with law.

　　Article 26 The current Regulations shall be interpreted by the State Council department in charge of construction and the State Council department in charge of foreign trade and economic cooperation according to their respective functions.

　　Article 27 Investors from the Hong Kong Special Administrative Zone, the Macao Special Administrative Zone, and Taiwan area coming to run urban planning service enterprises on the mainland shall be handled with reference to the current Regulations.

　　Article 28 The current Regulations shall take effect as of May 1, 2003.　

　　To be sent to: The Law Committee of the National People's Congress, the Law Office of the State Council, the Editorial Office of the Gazette of the State Council, the construction commissions and bureaus of foreign trade and economic cooperation of people's governments at the provincial, autonomous regional and municipal level, the construction commission of cities as independent entries in State plans and budgets, ministries and commissions of the State Council, and leaders, bureaus, and subsidiary institutions of the Ministry of Construction.

　　Secretariat of the General Office of the Ministry of Construction

　　Printed and issued on February 20th, 2003



法析非典论古今之道

北方交通大学法学专业：李百琛


[摘要]：从旧时各朝官员隐瞒疫情到现代SARS的肆虐，不难看出有一种传统文化一直在影响我们的生活，事实上如果没有此次SARS的疫情，那么能有多少人知道中国早在1989年就有了《传染病防治法》，其里面第二十二条明确规定：各级政府有关主管人员，和从事传染病的医疗保健卫生防疫，监督管理的人员不得隐瞒，谎报或者授意他人隐瞒，谎报疫情。正是这种广场文化使社会主义中国的法治实施起来阻力重重，困难重重。使公民的基本权利受到侵犯。因此，笔者将在本文对这种“文化”法治，权利三者冲突问题谈一下自己的观点，望做到抛砖引玉，以期找到一个合适的解决办法。
关键词：传统文化， 法治 ，公民权利的自我价值 ，健康权
（一）法治实施与此类文化的冲突
在SARS出现之前，隐瞒疫情之类官场文化在中国已是屡见不鲜，他就像一颗毒瘤，时时刻刻阻碍着中国这条巨龙的腾飞。与SARS疫情的斗争表面上看是其中国乃至全世界医药科技力量的体现，在我看来，更像是这类“传统文化”与法治，权利 一次赤裸裸的正面对话。尤其是SARS横行无忌，简直是对中国目前法制建设及个人权利的一种嘲讽。
由此看来，此类“传统文化”在社会主义下的中国是留不得的。⑴这些年一批法学家反而排斥，反对现代法治和权利话语，主张维护旧有的“潜规则”“文化”或曰“特殊知识”强调这种本土资源的主要性，主张法治应当尊重这种“文化”，这种“特殊知识”而不是相反。
不错，真正有益的传统文化，我们应该保护。在共产党领导下的社会主义中国对本土资源采取的政策，一贯是取其精华，舍弃糟粕。这充分体现了我国对传统文化的理性化，非盲目性。
这次疫情之所以能迅速的蔓延，绝大部分原因是由于其行政管理部门办事不力，隐报，谎报疫情所致。出现这么大的漏洞并不是某一个部门所能办到的，它的实现是由一种“潜规则”或曰“特殊文化”之官场文化在作祟。这类“潜规则”正是上文所提之隐瞒疫情，诸此类传统文化。
此类文化对我国行政法制建设的影响最为显著。
非典初期，由于受到诸此类“传统文化”的影响，各行政部门一直对疫情采取隐而不报，报而不实的态度，直至《突发性公共卫生事件应急条例》在国务院第7次常务会议讨论通过，行政法治建设才有了开拓性的前进。在解读此条例中，笔者发现里面贯彻一种“三时（实）原则”即：“及时，确实，限时”。为何将此作为此条例核心？！
首先，我们从“三时（实）”涵义入手，由突发性公共卫生事件到造成国家，公民的财产损失，人身伤害所允许的最大限度范围内的这段时间 我们称之为“及时”。
“确实”是指突发性公共卫生事件所造成的损失应如实的公布于众，禁止隐瞒，或谎报更进一步来讲还包括各级部门的行政分工明确，不得擅离职守，更不可越职旁代。
“限时”是“及时”得以实施的法律保障，没有“限时”的存在，就谈不上“及时”和“确实”法律责任的承担。
这三时原则是我国法治顺利实施的有力武器，如果对他们利用不善，反之将成为“诸此类传统文化”赖以生存的源泉。
再从社会发展规律角度上看 ，生产力决定生产关系，生产关系对其有反作用。同样经济基础决定上层建筑，反过来上层建筑又影响着社会经济的发展。法治建设作为社会上层建筑的主要部分，其作用更无可厚非了。只有使法制体系不断的完善，才能使社会安定，人民生活水平得以提高。而目前，法治实施的最大瓶颈就是中国三千年封建制度遗留下的“诸此类官场文化”或曰“特殊知识”。只有解决其与法治实施的冲突问题，中国法治建设才会有质的飞跃。
由此看来，此次国家对SARS疫情的全力防治正是行政法治对“此类传统文化”进行的一场没有硝烟的反击战。
（二）公民权利自我价值的实现
在这个问题上，先对公民权利概念进行界定，公民权利即公民权，它与法人的权利，外国人的权利等概念相对应。⑵公民权是指国民依法享有政治，经济，文化，社会等各方面的权利。⑶这种分析得出公民权是公民权利的简称。公民权利可分为公民基本权利和公民一般权利,公民实体性权利和公民程序性权利。其中公民基本权利是由一国根本法来确认的，其他公民权利在一国法律体系中予以详细规定。公民的人身权既是如此。
在此次SARS中受到侵害最大的权利莫过于公民的生命健康权了。
健康权即（健康权利），作为一项基本人身权利受到国际法和各国法律的普遍保护。我国民法第九十八条规定，公民享有生命健康权。生命健康权包括生命权，人身权，健康权。健康权是生命健康权的重要组成部分。侵害生命健康权的侵权行为通常也分三种情形：侵害生命权，即致人死亡；侵害身体权即伤害身体完整性；侵害健康权，即损害健康致人患病。根据世界卫生组织的健康定义，侵害健康应当涵盖侵害躯体健康和侵害精神健康。而SARS的侵袭，由于诸“此类传统文化”的影响导致疫情没有及时控制住，因而在防治的初期管理部门出现了谎报，漏报的现象。这一切不仅对国人身体造成损害更在精神上给予了沉重的打击，可谓是对公民权利赤裸裸的漠视了。
再看法律上的“权利”它是指由法律所赋予的受到法律的支持与保障的一种力量，即所谓法律之力⑷。这种力量是有支配标的物和支配他人的能力，并与特定利益要素相结合。健康是人生存的基本条件。公民享有健康所带来的各种好处就是公民健康权的特定利益要素。因此健康权是特定公民依法享有的法律之力。
健康权是公民享有其他一切权利的基础，是与生俱得的权利，是公民最基本的利益。因而，健康权受到刑法、民法、行政法等各类法律规范的严密保护。在法律支持保护下，从而决定了任何人的行为，活动都不得侵害他人的健康，这就是任何人相对于其他人所应履行的义务及应遵守的法律规范。
健康权的保证正是对公民权利自我价值的一种肯定。非典的出现一方面是对公民权利自我价值实现的一种挑战，另一方面又是对中国现阶段法制建设实施的考验。
可以看得出来，公民的权利在某些时期，某个阶段受到不同程度的忽视，这说明公民权利自我价值的实现需要一个强有力的后盾保证-法治体系的健全。
在封建社会形态中权力的定位是国家统治者 君主至上正是对公民权利的否定。而社会主义下的中国由国之根本大法明确规定国家的一切权力属于人民，这恰恰证明的公民权利自我价值不是一种抽象的不证自明的普遍价值，而是无数生活经验中得出来的共识，甚至来自无数人自己的生命体验。
SARS事件中，公民权利的忽视，这正是中国“诸此类传统文化”的直接体现。而此类传统文化即为一种不证自明的普遍价值，这正是与公民权利自我价值相对立的。⑸从给国家和人民带来长达十年巨大灾难的文革，到日常生活中一些平民百姓遇到的不白之冤，种种无情的事实都说明如果没有法治或者法治得不到尊重，个人权利得不到保障，必然会给社会，国家，人民造成严重损害，后果极其可怕。
因此，保证公民权利自我价值的实现，就是对社会，国家，法治实施的一种肯定，更是对我国社会主义现代化建设顺利进行，国家长治久安的前提保证。
这次SARS肆虐再次以惨痛的事实提醒人们法治，权利是何等重要，提醒国人诸此类无视法律，漠视权利的“传统文化”或曰“特殊知识”之危害何其深远。同时也提醒人们中国的法治建设虽有不小的进步，但仍任重道远，因此现阶段应加强法制体系的完善，法治的实施，及公民权利自我价值的强化，杜绝那种“诸此类传统文化”或曰“特殊知识”的蔓延，建立一个完善的民主，法治的社会主义国家。
⑴ 刘洪波 《南方周末》2003，7。17 11版 纵横谈
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⑸刘洪波 《南方周末》2003，7。17 11版 纵横谈